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9.State reorganization commission was formed by the Central Government to recommend the reorganization of State boundaries on the basis of language, culture, ethnicity and geography. The State Reorganization Commission was formed by the Central Government of India in 1953.
10.The federal system thus has dual objectives: to safeguard and promote unity of the country, while at the same time accommodate regional diversity. Therefore, two aspects are crucial for the institutions and practice of federalism.
Governments at different levels should agree to some rules of power sharing. They should also trust that each would abide by its part of the agreement. An ideal federal system has both aspects : mutual trust and agreement to live together.
11.Subjects which are not present in any of the lists mentioned in the constitution are known as residuary Subjects. Union Government has the powers to make laws on residuary Subjects. Such subjects include: Computer software, e-commerce etc. These subjects came into being after the constitution was created.
12.The 1990s was a historic decade in India. Economic growth rates increased as policies were liberalised though not as quickly as in China. Urbanisation was also very slow compared to that in China. Rate of growth of population and fertility rates decreased. Infant mortality rates saw good rate of decrease. Two polarising trends emerged in national politics - that of the politics of social justice based on caste which followed the implementation of Mandal commission report, and of the politics of religion based on Hindu nationalism, which was marked by demolition of the Babri Masjid in 1992 and the subsequent communal riots.
14.The language policy of Indian language policy is that our constitution does not give the status of national language to any one language.Hindi was identified as the official language. But, hindi is the mother tongue of only about 40percentof Indians. Therefore, there are many safe guards to protect other languages. A candidate in an examination conducted by the central government positions may opt to take any language. States too have their own official languages. Much of the government work takes place in the official language of the concerned State.