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For 5 th period, principal quantum number, n=5 and values of azimuthal quantum no., l=0,1,2,3
According to Aufbau principle, filling of orbitals in sub-shells takes place in increasing order of energy of sub-shell. Since energy of 4f sub-shell is higher than 5s sub-shell, the sub-shells available for filling are 5s,4d 5p.
∴ total no. of orbitals=1 for 5s+5 for 4d+3 for 5p=1+5+3=9
∴ total no. of electrons that can be accomodated in 9 orbitals =2×9=18
Hence, the no. of electrons or elements in 5 th period are 18.
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