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Indian spices include a variety of spices grown across the Indian subcontinent (a sub-region of South Asia). With different climates in different parts of the country, India produces a variety of spices, many of which are native to the subcontinent, while others were imported from similar climates and have since been cultivated locally for centuries.
Spices are used in different forms: whole, chopped, ground, roasted, sautéed, fried, and as topping. They blend food to extract the nutrients and bind them in a palatable form. Some spices are added at the end as a flavouring and are typically heated in a pan with ghee or cooking oil before being added to a dish. Lighter spices are added last, and spices with strong flavour should be added first. "Curry" refers to any dish in Indian cuisine that contains several spices blended together, whether dry or with a gravy base. However, it also refers to Curry leaves, commonly used in South India.
Below is a list of spices and other flavouring substances commonly used in India.[1]
Image Standard English Hindi Notes
Alkanet Root रातीं जोट rātīṃ (rātīn) joṭ
Amchoor आमचूर / अमचुर āmachūr/amachur Dried green and unripe mango powder
Ferula assa-foetida - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-061.jpg Asafoetida हींग hiṃg (hing) Intensely aromatic - flavor profile sometimes compared to that of truffles and garlic
BlackCardamom.jpg Black cardamom काली इलायची kāli ilāyachī Very earthy and darkly aromatic. Often used in North Indian curries.
Black Pepper Grains.jpg Black pepper काली मिर्च kālī mirch Largest producer is the southern Indian state of Kerala.
Black pepper.jpg Peppercorns काली मिर्च kālī mirch
Black Cumin.jpg Black cumin शाही जीरा śāhī jīrā
Answer :
- Asafoetida : hing
- bay leaf dried tej patta Bay Leaf (dried) : Tej Patta
- black peppercorn, kali mirch : Black Peppercorns : Kali mirch
- Black Salt/ Himalayan Rock Salt/ Pink Salt Kala Namak/ Sanchal/ Sanchar powder
- black stone flower India spice in Hindi kalpasi : Black Stone Flower Kalpasi/ Dagad phool/ Patthar ke phool
- shahi zeera in english black cumin : Black Cumin
- (Sometimes confused with Caraway seeds) : Shahi Zeera, Shahjira, kala jeera
- badi elaichi in english black cardamom : Cardamom, Black : Badi Elaichi