Question

Here are some special names given to the cell organelles based on their functions. Can u guess them. 1. Commander in chief of the cell. 2. Protein constructors of the cell. 3. Store house of the cell. 4. Power house of the cell. 5. Cheif cook of the cell. 6. Outer limits of the cell.

Answer 1

The organelles mentioned are as follows-

1. Commander in chief of the cell- Nucleus

• Nucleus is an eukaryotic double-membraned organelle.
• It is the largest organelle and serves as the command centre for cellular operations as well as the DNA repository for the cell.  Hence the name commander in chief.
• The nucleus is a black, spherical structure that is encircled by a nuclear membrane.
• It is a porous membrane that forms a barrier between the cytoplasm and the nucleus.
• Nucleolus, or tiny spherical entities, are found inside the nucleus.

2. Protein constructors of the cell- Ribosome

• In close proximity to the endoplasmic reticulum are ribosomes, significant non-membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelles.
• Numerous cells have ribosomes in the form of small particles.
• They are referred to as the 70S (prokaryotes) or the 80S (eukaryotes).
• Two subunits make up 70S and 80S ribosomes, respectively.
• The two parts that make up ribosomes are ribosomal RNA and ribosomal proteins.
• In order to secure the life of the cell, the ribosome has protein synthesis as one of its primary functions, hence called protein constructors.

3. Store house of the cell- Vacuole

• Vacuoles are typically described as irregularly shaped storage bubbles that are present in cells.
• They are membrane-enclosed organelles that contain fluid.
• The food or other resources that a cell might require to thrive are kept in the vacuole, hence the name store house.
• Additionally, it keeps waste materials in storage. Vacuoles eventually dispose of the waste products.
• The remainder of the cell is thereby shielded from pollution.
• The size and quantity of vacuoles differ between animal and plant cells.

4. Power house of the cell- Mitochondria

• They generate energy-dense molecules for the cell.
• Hence the name powerhouses of the cell.
• It is a sausage-shaped organelle with two membranes linked to it that is present in practically all eukaryotic cells.
• Its lumen is split into two different aqueous compartments by double membranes.
• The outer membrane of this organelle makes a barrier with the cytoplasm which is continuous, whereas the interior compartment, known as the "matrix," is folded into cristae.
• They are typically either round or oval in shape and range in size.
• The cell's mitochondria are the locations of aerobic respiration, which generates ATP as well as energy and aids in chemical change.

5. Chief cook of the cell- Chloroplast

• As this organelle prepares food through the process of photosynthesis in plants, it's referred to as the chief cook or kitchen of the cell.
• Chloroplasts are double membrane-bound organelles that can take on a variety of shapes, such as a disc, a discoid, an oval, or a ribbon.
• The mesophyll cells of leaves, which house the chloroplasts and other carotenoid pigments, contain them.
• A region known as the stroma is enclosed by the inner membrane.
• Thylakoids, which are flattened disc-shaped chlorophyll-containing structures, are grouped like a stack of coins.
• The thylakoids of various piles are connected by flat membrane tubules known as stromal lamella, and each pile is referred to as a granum.

6. Outer limits of the cell- Plasma membrane

• A lipid bilayer and proteins make up the cell membrane, which is selectively permeable.
• Both plant and animal cells contain the plasma membrane.
• By allowing specific elements to enter and exit the cell as needed, it performs the role of a selectively permeable membrane. Hence known as outer limits of cell as it borders the components of the cell.
• The cell membrane in an animal cell performs the dual roles of giving the cell its shape and shielding its internal components.

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