Question

hereditary diseases short notes​

Answer 1

Answer:

Genes are the basic unit of heredity. They hold the genetic information in the form of DNA which can be translated into useful proteins to carry out life processes. These genes undergo a mutation sometimes, which changes the instructions to formulate the protein, due to which the protein does not work properly. Such disorders are known as genetic disorders.

Some disorders are innate, i.e., present by birth, while others are acquired due to mutations in a particular gene.

The disorders can be categorized into two types, namely Mendelian Disorders, i.e., a disorder in a single gene, and Chromosomal Disorders, i.e., a mutation in the chromosomes, the chromosomes are either missing or duplicated.

Answer 2

• Genes are the building blocks of heredity. They are passed from parent to child. They hold DNA, the instructions for making proteins.
• They move molecules from one to other places, build structures , breakdown toxins, and do many other.
• It is a disease or disorder that is inherited genetically. Hereditary diseases are passed one from of generation to another generation through defective genes.
• These diseases are transmitted in the same family. The chromosomes in the human are responsible for passing the traits from the parents to the offspring.
• Genetic syndromes & gene therapy, genetic disorders & genetic reports , molecular cloning & genetic recombination, cellular and molecular biology.
• The mutation changes the gene's instruction for making a protein, so the proteins, so the proteins doesn't work properly. This can cause a medical condition called a genetic disorder.