heredity.
Define
Explain the
mechanism of hereditary changes.
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Answers
Heredity -
The process by which physical or mental qualities pass from parent to child.
Mechanism of hereditary changes
Heredity can be defined as the process of transmission of the characters from the parents to the offspring through the mode of reproduction. Hereditary changes can occur due to following changes:
Natural Selection- One allele is fixed for the population as it provides a survival advantage.
Genetic Drift- Sudden change in a small population due to which genetic variability is reduced.
Mutations- Sudden and inheritable changes in the genetic material that gives rise to a new allele.
Recombination- When the crossing over occurs during meiosis, the sequence of alleles changes on the chromosomes.
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Answer:
Heredity refers to the passing of traits from parents to offsprings either through asexual or sexual reproduction. Gregor Johann Mendel (1822 – 1884) was the first to carryout the study on the transmission of characteristics from the parents to the offsprings. He proposed that heredity is controlled by factors, which are now believed to be segments of chromosomes or genes.
These traits are passed on in the form of genetic information from parents to offsprings. This genetic information is stored in molecules called DNA. During the process of reproduction, the child receives genetic information from both the parents in the form of DNA. 50% genetic information is passed on from the paternal DNA whereas rest 50% information is passed on by the maternal DNA. This is why a child closely resembles its parents and has traits similar to both of them. Commonly observed heritable features are curly hair, a particular type of ear lobe, hair on ears etc
Explanation: