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What are antibiotic why are they are not effective against viruses ? what helps bacteria to create resistance to antibiotics ?
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Hello Brotha!
Antibiotics : Effective against bacteria but not against virus.
Antibiotics helps in prevention of diseases by blocking cell metabolism of bacteria or attacking microbes. They don't directly kill the bacteria. Antibiotics can not stop viruses, i. e. they are not effective against viral infections. It has a specific reason. Virus lack cell membrane. In addition, there has been confusions whether viruses are living or non living because they don't show signs of life until or unless they enter a host cell. So, they enter the cell of humans, bacteria or other animals and use their cellular processes to multiply and spread. We can stop bacteria by blocking their division or breaking the cell wall because they have their own cell processes. But, we can't do same in the case of viruses. To stop them, we have to stop our cellular metabolisms that is being used by the virus. That's why antibiotics have not been effective against viral infections.
Plasmids : Both destroyer and friendly to bacteria.
Bacteria create resistance to antibiotics with the help of plasmids. Resistance to antibiotics is one of the phenotype character conferred by plasmid DNA. As we know that all prokaryotes have cell wall. So, bacteria also have (as they are prokaryotes). The genetic material of these animals are not enclosed by nuclear membrane. Many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA. The single chromosome (Prokaryotes generally have a single chromosome) or circular DNA in bacteria is known as genomic DNA. These small DNA outside the genomic DNA are called as Plasmids. As mentioned above, these plasmid DNA confer certain unique phenotype characters to bacteria including resistance to antibiotics. Plasmid DNA are also useful to us. They are used to monitor bacterial transformation using external DNA. With the help of plasmids (as they provide phenotype characters), we can create such a cell wall that may burst or does not allow cell division and other metabolisms. Thus, plasmid DNA may help in prevention of diseases.
Hope It Helps
Antibiotics : Effective against bacteria but not against virus.
Antibiotics helps in prevention of diseases by blocking cell metabolism of bacteria or attacking microbes. They don't directly kill the bacteria. Antibiotics can not stop viruses, i. e. they are not effective against viral infections. It has a specific reason. Virus lack cell membrane. In addition, there has been confusions whether viruses are living or non living because they don't show signs of life until or unless they enter a host cell. So, they enter the cell of humans, bacteria or other animals and use their cellular processes to multiply and spread. We can stop bacteria by blocking their division or breaking the cell wall because they have their own cell processes. But, we can't do same in the case of viruses. To stop them, we have to stop our cellular metabolisms that is being used by the virus. That's why antibiotics have not been effective against viral infections.
Plasmids : Both destroyer and friendly to bacteria.
Bacteria create resistance to antibiotics with the help of plasmids. Resistance to antibiotics is one of the phenotype character conferred by plasmid DNA. As we know that all prokaryotes have cell wall. So, bacteria also have (as they are prokaryotes). The genetic material of these animals are not enclosed by nuclear membrane. Many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA. The single chromosome (Prokaryotes generally have a single chromosome) or circular DNA in bacteria is known as genomic DNA. These small DNA outside the genomic DNA are called as Plasmids. As mentioned above, these plasmid DNA confer certain unique phenotype characters to bacteria including resistance to antibiotics. Plasmid DNA are also useful to us. They are used to monitor bacterial transformation using external DNA. With the help of plasmids (as they provide phenotype characters), we can create such a cell wall that may burst or does not allow cell division and other metabolisms. Thus, plasmid DNA may help in prevention of diseases.
Hope It Helps
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