✧ Hey guys Please give me some notes of Ch-1: Nutrition in Plants and Ch-2: Nutrition in Animals.
Answers
Answer:
Introduction to Nutrition in Plants
Living and Non-Living Organisms
Living organisms like human beings, plants and animals need food to survive and exist.
Living organisms reproduce, respond to the environment and also adapt.
Living organisms respire and excrete as well.
Cells
Cells are tiny units that help make up a living organism. Hence, they are also called building blocks of an organism.
A cell is constituted of three major parts :
A thin outer layer called the cell membrane.
A spherical structure located at the centre of the cell called a nucleus.
A jelly-like substance that surrounds a nucleus called the cytoplasm.
To know more about Cell, visit here.
Single and Multi-Cellular Organisms
Organisms that are made up of just one cell are called single-celled or Unicellular organisms. E.g. Amoeba
Organisms with more than one cell in their body are called multicellular organisms.
All human beings, plants and animals are multicellular organisms.
To know the difference between Unicellular and Muti-Cellular Organisms, visit here.
Nutrition
Nutrition is the mode of taking food by an organism and its utilisation by the body.
Nutrition is very important as the nutrients from the food consumed enables living organisms to build their bodies and grow.
Nutrition helps to repair damaged parts and organs.
Nutrition also provides energy for carrying out various functions.
Autotrophs and Heterotrophs
Organisms that make food themselves are called autotrophs.
Plants are an example of autotrophs as they make their own food using carbon dioxide, water and light energy.
Organisms that rely on others and usually take in ready-made food made by the autotrophs are called heterotrophs.
Animals and human beings are an example of heterotrophs as they depend on plants in many ways for their food.
To know the difference between autotrophs and heterotrophs, visit here.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process of synthesis of food by green plants.
This process usually takes place in the leaves of plants.
The process requires chlorophyll (green coloured pigment), sunlight, carbon dioxide and water.
Q.1. Why do organisms need to take food?
Ans. Food is needed by all organisms for many purposes:
(a) The main function of food is to help in growth.
(b) Food provides energy for movements such as running, walking or raising our arm.
(c) Food is also needed for replacement and repairing damaged parts of body.
(d) Food gives us resistance to fight against diseases and protects us from infections
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