Question

hey pls help me with this.,,,✌✌

explain mesopyte,hydrophyte and xerophyte in detail ....​

Answer 1

A ) mesophyte - Mesophytes are terrestrial plants which are neither adapted to particularly dry nor particularly wet environments.

An example of a mesophytic habitat would be a rural temperate meadow, which might contain goldenrod, clover, oxeye daisy, and Rosa multiflora.

Mesophytes prefer soil and air of moderate humidity and avoid soil with standing water or containing a great abundance of salts.

They make up the largest ecological group of terrestrial plants, and usually grow under moderate to hot and humid climatic regions.


B ) hydrophyte - Aquatic plants are plants that have adapted to living in aquatic environments (saltwater or freshwater).

They are also referred to as hydrophytes or macrophytes.

A macrophyte is an aquatic plant that grows in or near water and is either emergent, submergent, or floating, and includes helophytes (a plant that grows in marsh, partly submerged in water, so that it regrows from buds below the water surface).

In lakes and rivers macrophytes provide cover for fish and substrate for aquatic invertebrates, produce oxygen, and act as food for some fish and wildlife.

Aquatic plants require special adaptations for living submerged in water, or at the water's surface.

The most common adaptation is aerenchyma, but floating leaves and finely dissected leaves are also common.

Aquatic plants can only grow in water or in soil that is permanently saturated with water.

They are therefore a common component of wetlands.

Fringing stands of tall vegetation by water basins and rivers may include helophytes.

Examples include stands of Equisetum fluviatile, Glyceria maxima, Hippuris vulgaris, Sagittaria, Carex, Schoenoplectus, Sparganium, Acorus, yellow flag (Iris pseudacorus), Typha and Phragmites australis.

C ) xerophyte - A xerophyte is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water, such as a desert or an ice- or snow-covered region in the Alps or the Arctic.

Popular examples of xerophytes are cacti, pineapple and some Gymnosperm plants.

The structural features (morphology) and fundamental chemical processes (physiology) of xerophytes are variously adapted to conserve water, also common to store large quantities of water, during dry periods.

Other species are able to survive long periods of extreme dryness or desiccation of their tissues, during which their metabolic activity may effectively shut down.

Plants with such morphological and physiological adaptations are xeromorphic.

Xerophytes such as cacti are capable of withstanding extended periods of dry conditions as they have deep-spreading roots and capacity to store water.

The leaves are waxy and thorny that prevents loss of water and moisture. Even their fleshy stems can store water.

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