Question

Hey !!

What are the reforms introduced by Firoz Shah Tughlaq ?

Answer 1

Firoz Tughlaq a cousin brother of Muhammad Tughlaq ascended the throne after the death of Muhammad Tughlaq who was issueless and loved Firoz Tughlaq very much.

His reign lasted for about 37 years from 1351 to 1388 A.D. During his rule, Firoz Tughlaq adopted measures like revenue reforms, irrigation works, charitable programmes and public works etc. which won praise from various quarters.

At the same time, his military expeditions, slave system, feudal practice and religious policy etc. brought discredit to him. Accordingly his reign was a ‘mixture of good and evil’ as observed by Dr. Ishwari Prasad.

Bright side of Firoz Tughlaq’s reign:

1. Assessment of the revenue:

Firoz Tughlaq appointed a special officer namely Khawja Hisan-ud-Din to prepare an estimate of the public revenue of the kingdom. It took 6 years to complete this work. The Khawja toured the entire kingdom and prepared proper records. Thereafter he fixed the revenue of the ‘Khalsa’ land (Government land) in the kingdom at six crores and eighty-five lakhs of ‘Tankas’ (silver coins).

It was a rough estimate. The revenue which was fixed remained unchanged during the reign of Firoz Tughlaq. The chief merit of this system was that the income of the state was fixed and the expenditure of the state could be adjusted according to the income which was known before hand.

Answer 2

Answer:

Firoz Shah Tughlaq was the younger cousin and also the successor of the Medeival Delhi Sultanate emperor Muhammad Bin Tughlaq. He succeeded the throne after the tragic death of his brother. His reign as the emperor of Delhi Sultanate was of 37 years.

The reforms made by Firoz Shah Tughlaq in his reign were:

• He built various canals and tank. He also dug several wells that helped in the irrigation of agriculture.
• He reduced land revenues. He also freed the farmers of Adobe region of the estate loans during the famine.
• Charity departments for the welfare of widows, orphans and needy children were established by him.
• He set up employment bureau to provide job opportunities to the unemployed population.
• He built hospitals which provided free medical care and services to the poor and needy.
• He built guest house for the travellers to rest.