Question

Heya :D

Please gimme the summary of Chapter. Life Processes.

Biology
Class 10
CBSE (NCERT)

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I will be grateful if you provide a helpful answer :))

Answer 1

Heya !!

Here we go... ⬇⬇⬇

⭐ LIFE PROCESS ⭐

⚫ Life Processes :- All organisms perform certain main functions to keep themselves alive.
↪ The main and fundamental functions performed by living organisms to maintain their are known as life processes.
↪ Life Processes :- Nutrition, Growth, Respiration, Circulation, Reproduction, Excretion, Control and co-ordination, Transportation.

⚫ Nutrition :- Nutrition means the process of intake of nutrients from which organisms get energy to work.
↪ Substance which supply nutrients to the body are known as diet or food.
↪ There are two types of modes of Nutrition:-

1) Autotrophic ( Holotropic ) Nutrition
2) Heterotrophic Nutrition

1) Autotrophic Nutrition :- Autotrophic means ' self Nutrition '. In Autotrophic organism synthesize their own food.
↪ Taking water from soil, carbon dioxide from air, with the help of chlorophyll in presence of sun-light they make their own food name as carbohydrates.This process is called ' Photosynthesis'.
↪ Ex. Green plants, euglena, Volvox and Bacteria.

2) Heterotrophic :- In this Nutrition the organisms cannot synthesize their own food. In such type of nutrition energy derived by digestion of organic substance obtain from plant and animals.
↪ Three type of Heterotrophic Nutrition :-
1) Saprophytic nutrition :- Here dead and decaying organic materials are absorbed by organisms through body wall of other organisms.
2) Parasitic Nutrition :- When orgainsms depend on other organism for Nutrition then this mode of nutrition is called parasitic nutrition. In this host is not benefited but only get harms.
3) Holozoic Nutrition :- In this type of nutrition parts of plant or animals or whole organisms are taken as food.

⚫ Different types of nutrition methods according to their habits :-
↪ Herbivores :- Those animals which eat only plants. Ex. Cow, goat.
↪ Carnivores :- Those animals which eat only animals. Ex. Lion, Fox.
↪ Omnivores :- Those animals which eat plants and animals.Ex. Man, Rat.

⚫ Digestive system in Humans :-
↪ The digestive system consists of alimentary canal and it's associated glands.
↪ The digestive organs are mouth, oesophagus, Stomach, Small - intestine, Large - intestine and it's associated glands like salivary gland, liver, and pancreas.

⚫ Respiration :- Cells required energy to carry out different functions. Process of respiration involves intake of oxygenated air, using it for releasing energy and removal of water and CO2.
Types of Respiration :-
1) Aerobic respiration :- The respiration take place in the presence of oxygen.
2) Anaerobic respiration :- The respiration takes place without oxygen or in absence of oxygen.

⚫ Transportation in Plants :- Plants do not require more energy as compared to animals.
↪ Xylem and Phloem are main components in transportation in Plants.
↪ Xylem transports water and Phloem transports food and other substance.

⚫ Transportation in Human Being :- The system which is associated with transportation of various substance in animals is called Circulatory System.
↪ In Humans transportation of oxygen, CO2, hormones, enzymes, and Excretory substance take place through blood and lymph.

⚫ Blood Vessels :- Blood circulates throughout the body, with the help of arteries and veins.
↪ Arteries carry blood away from heart to different organs.
↪ Veins carry blood away from different organs toward heart.

⚫ Lymphatic System :- Lymphatic System consists lymph vessel, Lymphatic nodes, Lymphatic capillaries, and lymph.
↪ This system protect us from diseases.
↪ Lymph is colourless and contain less protein as compared to blood.

⚫ Heart :- Human Heart is conical in shape and size is of closed fist.
↪ It is located in the small space between two lungs and slightly toward left side.
↪ As both CO2 and O2 blood transport, hence heart is divided into 4 chambers.
↪ Upper two chambers are known as atria.
↪ Lower two chambers known as ventricles.

⚫ Excretion :- Excretory system of human being includes a pair of kidney of reddish brown bean shaped located in the abdomen on dorsal side, a pair of ureters, one from each kidney, a urinary bladder and a muscular tube like structure called urethra.Kidney is divided into cortex and medulla. In kidney excretory units like nephrons are present in large no. in each kidney.


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Answer 2

All living things perform certain life processes like growth, excretion, respiration, circulation etc. → All the processes like respiration, digestion, which together keep the living organisms live and perform the job of body maintenance are called life processes