Question

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Nucleic acids exhibit secondary structure, justify with example....​

Answer 1

Explanation:

Solution :

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Nucleic acids are polymeric macromolecules or large biological molecules, essential for all known forms of life. The secondary structrure of a nucleic acid molecule refers to the base pairing interactions within a single molecule or set of interacting molecules.

DNA and RNA represent two main nucleic acids, however their secondary structures differ e.g., the secondary structure of DNA comprises of two complementary strands of polydeoxyribonucleotide, spirally coiled on a common axis forming a helical structure.

This double helical structure of DNA is stabilised by phosphodiester bonds (between 5' of sugar of one nucleotide and 3 of sugar of another nucleotide) , hydrogen bonds (between bases, i.e., hydrogen of one base and nitrogen of oxygen of other base) and ionic interactioins.

Answer 2

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➡Nucleic acids exhibit a wide variety of secondary structures. For example, one of the secondary structures exhibited by DNA is the famous Watson-Crick model. This model says that DNA exists as a double helix. The two strands of polynucleotides are antiparallel, i.e. run in the opposite direction.

➡The backbone is formed by the sugar-phosphate-sugar chain. The nitrogen bases are projected more or less perpendicular to this backbone but face inside. A and G of one strand compulsorily base pairs with T and C, respectively, on the other strand. There are two hydrogen bonds between A and T and three hydrogen bonds between G and C. Each strand appears like a helical staircase.

➡ Each step of ascent is represented by a pair of bases. At each step of ascent, the strand turns 36°. One full turn of the helical strand would involve ten steps or ten base pairs. Attempt drawing a line diagram. The pitch would be 34 A. The rise per base pair would be 3.4 A.

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