Chemistry, asked by nav9456, 1 year ago

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PLZ MAKE STRUCTURES OF THE CHAIR AND BOAT CONFORMATIONAL ISOMERS.....

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Answered by Anonymous
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Answered by Anonymous
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Chair Conformation

In the chair conformation there are two planes, with carbon atoms alternating the plane that they are in making carbon atoms 1, 3, and 5 in one plane and carbon atoms 2, 4, and 6 in another plane. There are two possible positions for hydrogen atoms (or other substituents) to be located: axial and equatorial. The axial position is not parallel to any of the carbon-carbon bonds while the equatorial position is parallel to one or more of the carbon-carbon bonds.
If we start numbering the carbon atoms from the top right corner as carbon 1, then carbon atoms 1, 3, and 5 have the axial positions as the carbon pointing 'up' while equatorial is pointing 'down'. While carbon atoms 2, 4, and 6 have the axial position as the carbon point 'down' while the equatorial is pointing 'up'. This means that if we simply turn the molecule slightly that the hydrogen atoms pointing up will now be pointing down because each atom keeps the axial or equatorial orientation not the 'up' and 'down' orientation:

There is very little strain in this conformation, which is why it is so stable. With the axial and equatorial bonds alternating up and down there is very little interference between molecules. Looking at the Newman projection of the chair conformation helps to see how there is little interference:
The Newman projection for the chair conformation




Boat Conformation

The boat conformation has the highest energy of all three conformations. In the boat conformation carbon atoms 2, 3, 5, and 6 are in the same plane with carbon atoms 1 and 4 in another plane. The boat conformation is very high energy due to several factors. First, there is the flagpole effect, where the two equatorial bonds of carbon 1 and carbon 4 end up pointing towards each other, making them very close and interfering with each other causing steric tension.
There is also a lot of torsional tension. This torsial tension isn't very obvious when looking at the boat conformation, but we can see it using the Newman projection:
The Newman projection for the boat conformation


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