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Write any 4 factors influencing the soil formation

Answer 1

$\mathfrak{\large{\underline{\underline{Answer :-}}}}$

Soil is formed as a result of physical, chemical and biological weathering of rocks, which breaks the rocks into smaller particles with size is ranging from boulders to grains.

These particles and mixed with organic matter such as vegetable remains and remains of dead animals and insects.

Factors Influencing the Soil Formation :-

$\textbf{\large{\underline{1. Nature Of the Parent Rock :}}}$

• Nature of the parent Rock gives colour, texture, chemical composition, mineral content and permeability of to the soil.

• Example : Erosion of Sandstone gives rise to sandy soil and Basalt gives rise to black soil in arid areas.

$\textbf{\large{\underline{2. Climatic Conditions :}}}$

• Climatic conditions such as temperature and rainfall govern the rate and the type of weathering.

• Example : Chemical weathering prominent in the areas of high rainfall and monsoon climate. Decomposition of organic matter is referred in humid climate.

$\textbf{\large{\underline{3. Topography :}}}$

• Topography determines the thickness of the soil.

• Flat areas will have thick soil while sloppy area enables soil runoff and therefore have thin soil cover.

$\textbf{\large{\underline{4. Living Organisms :}}}$

• Living organism such as earthworms, bacteria aerate the soil and contribute to its fertility.

• Roots of the plants also aerate the soil and check soil erosion.

$\textbf{\large{\underline{5. Agents of Erosion :}}}$

• Agents of erosion not only erode the parent rock but also deposit soil.

• Example : A river deposits alluvial soil and wind deposits loose soil.

$\textbf{\large{\underline{6. Time :}}}$

• Time determines the maturity of the soil profile.

• The longer the time parent rock is exposed to weathering, the more mature soil it will be.

• It is generally a slow process but is slightly rapid in humid regions.

• The layers of the older soil will lie deeper and the younger soil will be at the top of the profile.

Answer 2

$\huge{\text{\underline{\underline{\red{Answer}}}}}$

$\large{\text{\blue{Following\:are\:the\:4\: factors\: influencing\:the\: soil\: formation:-}}}$

$\large{\bf{The\: Parent\:Rock:-}}$

The original rock from which soil is formed by the process of weathering is known as the parent rock.

$\large{\bf{The\: Climate:-}}$

It the areas of high rainfall temperature, rocks are easily weathered.

$\large{\bf{The\: Vegetation\: Cover:-}}$

At times, plants grow in the cracks existing in. rock with, roots of these plants start penetrating in the cracks and make them wider.

$\large{\bf{Time:-}}$

Time given maturity to the soil Nile delta and delta formed by the Ganga and Brahmaputra rivers have very deep and fertile soil.