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Q.What is lac operon ? Explain with diagram and process .
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The lactose or lac operon of Escherichia coli is a cluster of three structural genes encoding proteins involved in lactose metabolism and the sites on the DNA involved in regulation of the operon. The three genes are: (1) lacZ, which encodes the enzyme β-galactosidase (which splits lactose into glucose and galactose); (2) lacY, which encodes lactose permease; and (3) lacA, which encodes a lactose transacetylase. Functional β-galactosidase and lactose permease are required for the utilization of lactose by this bacterium. These proteins are present in the cell in very low amounts when the organism is grown on carbon sources other than lactose.
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