Highlight any two merits of regioalism
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Answer:
The need for regionalism or areawide planning and coordination is rooted in a number of related challenges in metropolitan areas, with parallels in the more rural regions within the state:
In metropolitan areas some problems cannot be solved within municipal boundaries, and decisions made by one municipality can have adverse impacts on other municipalities and the environment. While land has traditionally been divided by political boundaries, to allow more efficient provision of government services and democratic representation, this has not lent itself very well to effective management of natural resources, urban infrastructure, and other multi-jurisdictional systems. Pollution and inefficient use of resources and infrastructure (land, water, air, habitat, fisheries, roads, utilities etc.) are examples of problems that spill over municipal boundaries. Areawide resource management agencies and regional governments have therefore become necessary in most metropolitan areas. This approach is aimed at maintaining local input and decision-making while addressing the shortcomings of fragmented governmental authority when numerous cities, villages, and towns compose a metropolitan area. Especially in fast growing metropolitan areas the problems, challenges, and opportunities associated with urban development need to be cooperatively addressed and resolved. In more rural regions, this shortcoming hampers coordination of services and achieving efficiency of operations and economies of scale.
Regional coordination and planning is also crucial for the success of undertakings that are too large or complex for any one unit of government to address. Issues such as economic development, solid waste disposal, groundwater management, and preservation of the quality of life in the region are examples of challenges that require regional cooperation. This same characteristic manifests itself in large rural areas where the relative small size of the local units of government compared to the geographic area under their jurisdiction may hamper their ability to address important planning and implementation issues.