Highlight the political reasons behind the French Revolution.
Answers
Politic Causes Of French Revolution -
(i) Ideas of political philosophers : ideas envisaging a society based on freedom and equal laws and opportunities for all, were put forward by philosophers such as John Locke and Jean Jacques Rousseau. In his two Treatise of Government, Locke sought to refute the doctrine of the divine and absolute right of the monarch. Rousseau carried the idea forward, proposing the form of government based on social contract between people and their representatives. In the Spirit of the Laws, Montesquieu proposed a division of power within the government between the legislative, the executive and the judiciary. This model of Governance was put to function in American government and was set as an example to the French revolutionaries.
(ii) Denial of rights : The third estate was represented by its more prosperous and educated members. Peasants, Artisans and women were denied entry to the assembly.
Economic Causes Of French Revolution -
(i) The Feudal system gives the big landlords the power to enjoy various privileges and exploit the poor peasants by extracting Taxes and tributes from Them.
(ii) The clergy also collected separate taxes called tithes from the people.
(iii) The prices of essential commodities were very high due to increased demands and wages were low. This made survival difficult for the poor sections of the society.
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