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Classification of plants
1) Based on the size, nature of the stem and the life span, plants are classified into herbs, shrubs and trees There is one more category called as creepers and climbers.
a) A herb is a non-woody plant that has green and tender stem with few branches on.
It is usually short.
It has a very short life.
Herbs have a variety of uses like adding flavour to food, providing medicine for diseases and some with spiritual touch.
Mustard, Tulsi, Wheat, Gram are some of the herbs we know.
b) A shrub is taller than a herb and has stem branching out at its base.
Shrub is a bushy plant.
The stems of a shrub are not hard but thick.
A common place where shrubs are grown is known as shrubbery.
These plants live for many years.
Sunflower, Rose, Lime are some of the shrubs that we see around.
c) A tree is a woody plant that has many branches on a single stem.
Trees serve us lot of benefits.
They prevent soil erosion, maintain carbon dioxide content in the air, provide us materials to make huts and to make furniture.
Trees are categorised based on their height, width of their trunk, overall size, and of course their age.
Trees are with long life span.
Mango tree, Neem tree, Peepal tree are some of the trees in our surroundings.
d) Creepers are the plants with weak stems and hence cannot stand straight.
They grow on the ground.
Creepers as the name suggests creep horizontally on the ground.
Creepers are capable of growing new plants on their own.
Some creepers can also cause allergies or skin problems if touched.
Life time of creepers if very short.
e) Climbers are the plants that need support from other structures to grow and spread.
Climbers can either grow horizontally or vertically unlike creepers that grow only in horizontal direction. Lifespan is very short in climbers.
The climbing plants use these tendrils to cling on to the support firmly.
A tendril can be a modified leaf or a shoot or petiole like structure which is used by climbers to wrap around a support.
Different types of tendrils are leaf tendril, stem tendril, leaflet tendril, leaf tip tendril etc.
Climbers attract insects and reptiles by their bright coloured flowers and fragrance.
2) Depending on the presence of flowers, plants are classified into two types namely, flowering plants and non-flowering plants.
a) Flowering plants are the plants which possess distinct roots, stems, flowers and fruits. e.g. Mango, Papaya, Guava.
b) Non-flowering plants are the plants which do not have distinct roots, stem, leaves, flowers or fruits. e.g. Fern, Moss.
3) Depending on the way they obtain food, plants are classified into autotrophs and heterotrophs.
a) Autotrophs are the plants which make their own food by the process of photosynthesis by using raw materials like carbon dioxide and water. e.g. Most of the green plants.
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Classify the plants on the basis of size and shape.
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Q1 :Herbs: Plants which have soft, green and perishable stems are called herbs. ...
Shrubs: Plants with woody stems, and branches of almost equal size arising from the stem immediately above the soil are called shrubs. ...
Trees: The trees are tall and big plants.
Q2Herbs have soft and unbranched stems, whereas, shrubs have woody, branched and multi stems. Shrubs are often confused with herbs because of their similar characteristics, but shrubs are taller than herbs.
Q3:We can divide plants into four major groups – hydrophytes, mesophytes, xerophytes and halophytes. This classification is on the basis of their habitat.
Q4:is a species of plant that has adaptations to survive in an environment with little liquid water, such as a desert or an ice- or snow-covered region in the Alps or the Arctic. Popular examples of xerophytes are cacti, pineapple and some Gymnosperm plants.
Q5 :
a:Definition of biennial. 1 : occurring every two years a biennial celebration. 2 : continuing or lasting for two years specifically, of a plant : growing vegetatively during the first year and fruiting and dying during the second Biennial herbs flower in their second year
b:a tall plant that can live for a long time. Trees have a thick wooden central part from which branches grow
c:A plant that grows wholly or partly submerged in water. Because they have less need to conserve water, hydrophytes often have a reduced cuticle and fewer stomata than other plants.
d:An organism capable of synthesizing its own food from inorganic substances using light or chemical energy. Green plants, algae, and certain bacteria are autotrophs.
e:An organism that cannot manufacture its own food and instead obtains its food and energy by taking in organic substances, usually plant or animal matter. All animals, protozoans, fungi, and most bacteria are heterotrophs. Compare autotroph.
f:saprophyte, also referred to as a saprobe or saprotroph, is any organism that feeds and grows on dead organisms. This means that a saprophyte is a decomposer, breaking down complex matter and absorbing the simpler products
g:saprophyte, also referred to as a saprobe or saprotroph, is any organism that feeds and grows on dead organisms. This means that a saprophyte is a decomposer, breaking down complex matter and absorbing the simpler products