hiii guys this is a question from russian revolution grade 9
discuss briefly the five year plans
Answers
The Fifth Five-Year Plan laid stress on employment, poverty alleviation (Garibi Hatao), and justice. The plan also focused on self-reliance in agricultural production and defence.
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The Stalinist five year plans were designed to improve the effectiveness of government owned businesses - often at the expense of individuals.
The first Five Year Plan (1928 -1933), arguable the most successful, quadrupled the number of workers in industry, transportation and construction. Industrial production improved and the USSR became a leading industrial power in Europe. At the same time, farm collectivization and the resultant disruptions caused a famine in 1932 that killed hundreds of thousands - perhaps millions.
The Second Five Year Plan (1933-1938) was less effective. While it did increase production of heavy equipment and improved the operation of the communication and transportation systems, there was a significant decrease in the amount and quality of consumer goods. This led to a general downgrade in the standard of living for most people.
The Third Five year Plans (1938 - 1943) was interrupted by the Second world war in 1940 but had poor results in increasing production in the first two years.
The Fourth and Fifth Five Year Plans (1945 - 1955) were essentially rebuilding after the war. The USSR had suffered greatly during the are with an estimated 20 million people dead and most of the Eastern Russia (the richest portion) destroyed by two invasions and related counterattacks. They were mostly paid for by German reparation payments and "thank you" payments from Eastern European countries rescued from Nazi occupation.
The plans that followed were not Stalin's as he died in 1953.
The two programs were designed to do different things. The New Deal created an environment that allowed private industry to grow and provided a better standard of living for people. With better incomes, people purchased more and an environment of development and innovation grew.
The Five Year Plans created an effective production system at the expense of the living standards of people. They were heavily bureaucratic and bureaucratic systems do not innovate (in general).
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