himalayas have greater potential of petroleum how and why answer in 200 words ...
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Petroleum is a substance that occurs naturally. It is a dark liquid. It occurs beneath the earth’s surface. A large number of products like petrol, diesel, lubricating oil, etc derive from petroleum. Its compounds can be separated with the help of fractional distillation. In the year 2006, primary sources of energy consisted of petroleum 36.8%, natural gas 22.9%, and coal 26.6% share for fossil fuels in primary energy production in the world.
Petroleum refining or Oil refining is an industrial process in which crude oil is extracted from the ground and transformed and refined into useful products like Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG), kerosene, asphalt base, jet fuel, gasoline, heating oil, fuel oils etc. Crude Oil consists of hydrocarbon molecules. There are three steps in the Petroleum refining process – Separation, Conversion, and Treatment. It would not be possible to travel by vehicle without petrol or diesel oil. Learn how do we obtain petrol and crude oil and also more about petroleum or oil refineries.
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Answer:
On a Serious note, Presence of natural gas has been proved in Himalayan Foreland basin (Lesser Himalayas) . If you are an Indian, you might have heard of Jwala Ji, described as an eternal flame of natural gas on surface in Northern Indian state of Himachal Pradesh. Exploration has been going on in those area since 1958.
A petroleum system - 5 must have's
1. Source rock? - Yes, There are rocks which are rich in Organic content, Which under suitable condition lead to Generation of Oil.
2. Reservoir Rock? - Yes, Limestones and Sandstones, Also secondary porosity due to tectonic activity helps.
3. Migration - Oil and Gas have lesser density values, so they always try to move up.
4. Cap Rock - Something has to stop them from moving from reservoir to surface, Cap rocks in Himalayas are mainly tertiary argillaceous sequences (roughly means containing Clay- So don't let the fluid pass through the rocks) , Can work as Cap Rock.
5. Trapping Mechanism - Tectonics of Himalayas are so dominant that the trapping mechanisms are mainly Structural , Though combination traps are also present.
Having all these in a basin indicates the presence of Oil & Gas in Himalayas, although It should be noted that high tectonic activity have led to seepage of natural hydrocarbons in many places and there are no economically viable resources (Also called Fairway) found yet. Hope we do find some in future.
Probability of Migration of Oil/Gas from these Himalayan Foreland basin (Lesser Himalayas) to Higher Himalayas can't be denied., but there is very little chance that you'd able to drill that, with this high seismicity plus the pressure, Wooh! Also under this much tectonic activity, There is always a chance that they come to surface from seepage through faults and fractures.
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