Historical background of the indian constitution
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Before 1947, India was divided into two main entities – The British India which consisted of 11 provinces and the Princely states ruled by Indian princes under subsidiary alliance policy. The two entities merged together to form the Indian Union, but many of the legacy systems in British India is followed even now. The historical underpinnings and evolution of the India Constitution can be traced to many regulations and acts passed before Indian Independence.
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the supreme law of India.[1][2] The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth.[b][3][4][5] B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect.[6]
The British company known as English East India Company came to India in 1600 AD as traders. The Company has exclusive rights to trade in India. In the year 1765 the East India Company obtained “Diwani” (Rights over revenue and civil justice) of Bengal, Bihar and Orissa. After the Sepoy mutiny in the year 1858, British crown assumed direct responsibility for the governance of India. Continued up to August 15, 1947, after India is a free India. (India got independence). The Regulating Act of 1773 The first step taken by British Government to control and regulate East India Company affairs in India. The political and administrative functions of the company were recognized for the first time. It laid the foundation of central administration in India. Also Read - Rishabh, Bajrang, Manu, Rani receive DSJA awards Advertise With Us Features of 1773 act The Governor of Bengal was designated as the Governor-General of Bengal and the Executive council of the 4 members was created to assist the Governor-General. The first Governor-General of Bengal was Lord Warren Hastings.The 1773 act made the Governors of Bombay and Madras presidencies subordinate to the Governor-General of Bengal.