history of ishwar Chandra vidyasagar
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Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was a famous Indian reformist and philanthropist, born on 26 September 1820 at Birsingha village, Paschim Midnapore District in Bengal province. His father was Thakurdas Bandyopadhyay and Mother Bhagavati Devi. They belonged to an orthodox Brahmin family. At an early age of 6, his parents sent him to Calcutta to live with Bhagabat Charan’s house. He started studies by joining in a local school. Ishwar Chandra influenced a lot by staying in Bhagabat Charan’s family. Especially, Raimoni the youngest daughter of Bhagabat Charan showed a lot of motherly affection towards the boy. This made a immerced influence on Ishwar and was the cause to fight for women’s equal status with the men in Indian society in further years. According to the Hindu customs in those days he married Dinamani Devi at the age of 14. They were blessed a son named Chandra Bandyopadhyaya.
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» Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar was a social reformer who took up the case of widow remarriage. The Hindu widow remarriage act of 1856 however fail to make this practice socially acceptable. He failed in getting Windows remarried as it involves social constant and the change in the mindset of people. As a result, the practice of widow remarriage remained rare and exceptional among the educated classes of Bengal.
The situation was not different in western India where as early as 1841, an anonymous Marathi Brahmin reperform had advocate for marriage of Infant widows. This did lead to some awaking among the Western educated middle class in the 1860s.
But the movement of widow remarriage did not get much Momentum and by the end of the century only 38 widows had been remarried. And in those cases too, the couples were subjected to enormous social pressures and ostracism. By the end of the century, even among the lower caste widows were not encouraged to remarry. This made social reformers like Jyoytiba Phule attack the concept of celibate widowhood.
The Reform Movement in the Madras Presidency in support of widow remarriage was started by Veerasalingam pantalu. He founded a Society of social reformer in 1878 for this purpose. The first widow remarriage in this region was officiated by him in 1881.
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» Ostracism - the act of avoiding people intentionally or to prevent them from taking part in the activities of a group.
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