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Q. Describe all the process of translation ?
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there are many translations as there are many languages.....in the world....
hey mate...
here is your answer...
Translation is the synthesis of proteins by ribosomes in the cell. It follows after the process of transcription in which a molecule of mRNA is copied from DNA to produce a specific base sequence. The length and sequence of each molecule of mRNA can vary depending on what polypeptide is being produced, thus there are many different genes which cary this information in our DNA. Firstly, mRNA binds onto the small subunit of a ribosome. An initiator tRNA binds onto the mRNA, this will be on the codon AUG (start codon). Next, a second tRNA molecule with an anticodon complimentary to the next codon will bind to the ribsome. The ribsome then transfers the amino acid from the first to the second tRNA, forming a dipeptide. The ribosome then moves along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction whilst the first tRNA is released. Another tRNA wiht a complimentary anticodon binds on and the chain is transfered to the next tRNA. This process is repeated until a stop codon on the mRNA is reached and the completed polypeptide is released.
The steps in translation are:
>>The ribosome binds to mRNA at a specific area.
>>The ribosome starts matching tRNA anticodon sequences to the mRNA codon sequence.
>>Each time a new tRNA comes into the ribosome, the amino acid that it was carrying gets added to the elongating polypeptide chain.
>>The ribosome continues until it hits a stop sequence, then it releases the polypeptide and the mRNA.
>>The polypeptide forms into its native shape and starts acting as a functional protein in the cell.
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