Question

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▶️ discuss the structure of DNA molecule and how does replication occur in DNA❓

▶️ describe the structure and type of RNA ❓


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Answer 1

1.Ans ⏭️ Biologists in the 1940s had difficulty in accepting DNA as the genetic material because of the apparent simplicity of its chemistry. DNA was known to be a long polymer composed of only four types of subunits, which resemble one another chemically. Early in the 1950s, DNA was first examined by x-ray diffraction analysis, a technique for determining the three-dimensional atomic structure of a molecule (discussed in Chapter 8). The early x-ray diffraction results indicated that DNA was composed of two strands of the polymer wound into a helix. The observation that DNA was double-stranded was of crucial significance and provided one of the major clues that led to the Watson-Crick structure of DNA. Only when this model was proposed did DNA's potential for replication and information encoding become apparent. In this section we examine the structure of the DNA molecule and explain in general terms how it is able to store hereditary information.

2.Ans⏭️ * Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a biopolymer macromolecule as DNA. It consists of small subunits called nucleotides composed of:

− Purine nucleobases [Adenine−(A), Guanine−(G)]

− Pyrimidine nucleobases [Cytosine−(C), Uracil−(U)]

− D-ribose pentose sugars [C5H10O5]

− Phosphate groups [PO43-]

• The nucleobase is attached on the D−ribose by an N−glycosidic bond
• The ribose is bonded to the phosphate group through ester bonds
• The backbone bonding between RNA nuclotides (i.e. the bonds between the phosphate group and an adjacent ribose sugar) occurs through phosphodiester bonds. A phosphate group is attached to the 3'−carbon position of one ribose and on the 5'−carbon position of the next

Answer 2

Answer:

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Explanation:

RNA :- Rna stand for ribonucleic acid it consists a single stand mixed polymer of four type of nucleus towards the letter AMF g m p c m p u m p each nucleotide or ribotide is formed of three components phosphoric acid pentose sugar and nitrogenous base..