*HOME WORK HISTORY CH-1 THE FRENCH REVOLUTION 1789*
Q.1. Describe the events of 14 July 1789.
Q.2. What were the social condition of France before revolution of 1789?
Q.3. What were the contribution of philosopher in French Revolution?
Q.4. How did France become a constitutional monarchy?
Q.5. Name one of the most important of the politically active women in Revolutionary France. what do you know about her?
Q.6. How was slavery abolished in France?
Q.7. What is subsistence crisis? explain any three factors responsible for the same.
Q.8. Why did the period of 1793-94 referred as 'Reign of terror'? Explain.
Q.9. Write a short note on Napoleon Bonaparte.
Answers
Answer:
Ans.1 On 14 July 1789, a state prison on the east side of Paris, known as the Bastille, was attacked by an angry and aggressive mob. The prison had become a symbol of the monarchy's dictatorial rule, and the event became one of the defining moments in the Revolution that followed.
ANS.2The condition of France was verry poor before the revolution took place as the population was divided on the basses of estates . the diffrent divisions were - 1)the clergy - they enjoyed the privilege by birth and did not give the taxes
ANS.3 Among them were Voltaire , Rousseau , Montesquieu and Dederot . Their revolutionary ideas helped the people to fight for their rights . (2) They exposed the inefficiency of the monarch and and his government. (3)Voltaire's ideas encouraged people to fight against the privileges and finance of the Church without guilt
ANS.4 France became a Constitutional monarchy on 3rd September 1791. The National assembly completed drafting the constitution in 1791 under the leadership of Mirabeau and Sieyes. There was a system of separation of powers. Powers were divided among the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
ANS.5 Olympe de Gouges was one of the most important of the politically active women in revolutionary France. She protested against the Constitution and the Declaration of Rights of Man and Citizen as they excluded women from basic rights that each human being was entitled to.
ANS.6 In 1815, the French Republic abolished the slave trade but the decree did not come into effect until 1826. France re-abolished the institution of slavery in its colonies in 1848 with a general and unconditional emancipation.
ANS.7 Subsistence crisis refers to an extreme situation where the basic means of livelihood are endangered.
Factors are:-
1- the population of France rose to 28 million which increased the demand for foodgrains.
2- the price of bread increased which made it unaffordable for many people as their wages could not pace with the price of bread.
3- Therefore, the gap between the poor and the rich widened.
4- Things became worse whenever a drought or hail occurred which reduced the harvest.
ANS.8 The period from 1793 to 1794 was referred to as the 'Reign of Terror' because of the following reasons: Maximilian Robespierre followed a policy of severe control and punishment. ... Robespierre followed his policies so obstinately that he began to loose support of the people.
ANS.9 Napoleon Bonaparte (1769-1821), also known as Napoleon I, was a French military leader and emperor who conquered much of Europe in the early 19th century. ... Shrewd, ambitious and a skilled military strategist, Napoleon successfully waged war against various coalitions of European nations and expanded his empire.
Explanation:HOPE IT IS HELPFUL FOR YOU AND PLEASE MARK ME BRAINLEST AND IT IS VERY HARD SO PLEASE MARK AS BRAINLEST AND FOLLOW ALSO
Answer:
The Third Estate comprised
(a) Poor servants and small peasants, landless labourers (b) Peasants and artisan
(c) Big businessmen, merchants, lawyers etc. (d) All the above
Q.2.That ‘each member should have one vote’ was advocated by:
(a) Georges Danton (b) Rousseau (c) Jean Paul Marat (d) the Jacobins
Q.3.Which of the following decisions was taken by the convention
(a) Declared France a constitutional monarchy (b) Abolished the monarchy
(c) All men and women above 21 years got the right to vote (d) Declared France a Republic
Q.4.Which of the following is not the idea of the revolutionary journalist Desmoulins about Liberty?
(a) Liberty is finishing off your enemies (b) Liberty is Happiness, Reason, Equality and Justice
(c) Liberty is the Declaration of Right (d) Liberty is not a child who has to be disciplined before maturity
Q.5. How does a ‘Subsistence Crisis’ happen?
(a) Bad harvest leads to scarcity of grains (b) Food prices rise and the poorest cannot buy bread
(c) Leads to weaker bodies, diseases, deaths and even food riots (d) All the above
Q.6. In the war against Prussia and Austria, the army sang which patriotic song
(a) 'Liberty', written by an unknown woman poet(b) ‘Marseillaise’ written by the poet Roget de Lisle (c) ‘Viva France’ written by a French peasant (d) None of the above
Q7.Which of the following statements is untrue about the Third Estate
(a) The Third Estate was made of the poor only
(b) Within the Third Estate some were rich and some were poor
(c) Richer members of the Third Estate owned lands
(d) Peasants were obliged to serve in the army, or build roads
Q.8. Who wrote the pamphlet called ‘What is the Third Estate’?
(a) Mirabeau, a nobleman (b) Abbe Sieyes (c) Rousseau, a philosopher (d) Montesquieu
Q.9. A guillotine was _______________________
(a) A device consisting of two poles and a blade with which a person was beheaded
(b) A fine sword with which heads were cut off
(c) A special noose to hang people (d) none of the above