Question

how a bill passes in democracy

Answer 1

India is a democracy having quasi-federal structure of Government. Laws are made separately at different levels, by the Union Government/Federal Government for the whole country and by the State Governments for their respective states as well as by local municipal councils at district level. TheLegislative procedure in India for the Union Government requires that proposed bills pass through the two legislative houses of theIndian parliament, i.e. the Lok Sabha and theRajya Sabha. The legislative procedure for states with bicameral legislatures requires that proposed bills be passed, at least in the state's Lower House or the Vidhan Sabha and not mandatory to be passed in the Upper House or the State Vidhan Parishad. For states with unicameral legislatures, laws and bills need to be passed only in the state's Vidhan Sabha, for they don't have a Vidhan Parishad.