How a biological problem is solved? Explain with reference to malaria.
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Malaria can be cured with prescription drugs. The type of drugs and length of treatment depend on the type of malaria, where the person was infected, their age, whether they are pregnant, and how sick they are at the start of treatment.
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In: FACTS Targeting Disease
How is malaria treated and prevented?
Malaria is an entirely preventable and treatable disease if tackled early enough. However, there are growing problems with drug resistance that are posing a threat to the global fight against malaria.
How is malaria treated?
- If malaria is diagnosed and treated quickly, most people will fully recover.
- Treatment of malaria depends on many factors including:
- the severity of the disease
- the species of malaria parasite? that has caused the disease (for example, Plasmodium falciparum)
- the part of the world the infection was acquired
- whether preventative antimalarial tablets were taken.
- Drugs that kill the parasite that causes malaria can be used to treat and prevent the disease. These drugs are called antimalarials.
- However, if you contract malaria while taking one type of antimalarial drug, the same drug cannot be used to treat the infection as the parasite may be resistant to it.
- Different drugs target different features of the parasite’s biology and life cycle. For example, chloroquine targets the blood stages of the life cycle whilst primaquine removes the dormant? liver stages.
- Because of this, drugs are often used in combination with each other to make sure the malaria parasite is removed from all areas of the body. For example, primaquine can be used along with chloroquine to treat Plasmodium vivax.
- Combinations of drugs are also used to try to prevent the parasite from developing resistance to the individual drugs on their own. This is the strategy used in artemisinin combination therapy (ACT), which uses an artemisinin-based drug plus one partner drug. ACT is currently the front-line treatment for Plasmodium falciparum malaria.
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