Question

How a p-n junction diode is used in (i) forward biased and (ii) reversed biased mode?​

Answer 1

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Working of p-n junction :- As p-n junction is formed holes from p-type semiconductor diffuses towards n-type and electrons from n-type diffuses towards p-type. so, an electric field is developed at junction. Due to migration of holes and electrons field becomes large. These high field experience fuse and dragged towards original crystal. Soon dynamic equilibrium is established. So an electric field of fixed intensity established near junction. The field on either side of junction depletion region or space charge region.

• Forward biasing :- when n-type semiconductor is connected to negative terminal of battery an p-type to positive terminal, positive hole cross junction from p to n and electrons from n-type to p-type diffuse without hindrance. So conduction takes place due to both charge carriers. In this situation diode is said to be forward biased.

• Reverse biasing :- in this case n-type is connected to positive terminal and p-type to negative terminal of a battery then depletion region increases. So, due extrinsic conductor no current is constituted. So, semiconductor diode compels the current to flow in a direction like thermionic diode.