Question

How air components are seprted by fractional distillation.(processand expanation)

Answer 1

Stages involved in separation of the components of air:
Air is first filtered to remove dust particles. Then, it is compressed under high pressure.
This compressed air is then passed through a water condenser to decrease its temperature.
The cold compressed air is now passed through a separator. Here, carbon dioxide separates as dry ice. Due to repeated compression, air becomes cold and turns into liquid.
The liquid air coming out of the separator is passed through an expansion jet into the distillation column.
Here, it is warmed slowly. Liquid nitrogen, having the boiling point of −196°C, boils first to form liquid nitrogen gas.
This gas is collected from the upper part of the column. Argon, having a boiling point of −186°C, is collected next. Oxygen, having a boiling point of −183°C, is collected last.