Question

how and why does the size of an atom vary on moving from left to right in a period (Modern periodic table)

Answer 1

1)As we move from left to right in periodic table atomic size decreases.
2)Since,new electrons are added to the same shell, nuclear charge increases which makes orbital electron tightly bonded.

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Answer 2

the size of an atom decreases on moving from left to right in a period 
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1)atoms are added to same shell
2)as atoms are added to same shell the nucleus will have a stronger hold on the electrons so it will pull the electrons towards itself due to which the size decreases