Question

how are adjectives formed ? Explain the degrees of comparison with two examples on each kind of degrees of comparison​

Answer 1

Answer:

What is the Degree of Comparison?

To describe, quantify, modify or identify nouns/pronouns, adjectives are used or reused. Adjectives have their own degrees called degrees of adjectives or degrees of comparison that compare one thing/person to another. 

Adjectives have three degrees of comparison –

• Positive degree of adjectives

• Comparative degree of adjectives

• Superlative degree of adjectives

Degrees of Comparison examples:

• Positive degree – The cat runs fast.
• Comparative degree – The cat runs faster than dogs.
• Superlative degree – The cat runs fastest of all animals.

Degree Of Comparison Rules

$\sf\blue{Rule \:1:-}$

When two items/people are compared, a comparative degree is used by putting ‘er’ to the adjective word in association with the word ‘than’. In some cases ‘more’ is used.

Comparative degree example:

• She is smarter than her sister.

• She is more cheerful than her sister.

Similarly, when more than two things/people are compared, the superlative degree is used by putting ‘est’ to the adjective word or in some cases ‘most’ is used.

Superlative degree of comparison examples:

• He is the strongest wrestler.

• He is the most handsome actor.

$\sf\green{Rule\: 2:-}$

‘More’ is used when you compare qualities of a single thing/person. Even if the first adjective is a single syllable word.

Degree of comparison examples:

• Incorrect – She is smarter than clever.
• Correct – She is more smart than clever. 

$\sf\red{Rule\: 3:-}$ 

Do not use double comparative adjectives or superlative adjectives.

Degree of comparison examples:

• Incorrect – These mangoes are more tastier than those.
• Correct – These mangoes are tastier than those.

$\sf\orange{Rule\: 4:-}$ 

Never use ‘more or most’ with adjectives that give absolute sense.

Degree of comparison example:

• Incorrect – This track is more parallel to that one
• Correct – This track is parallel and the other is not.

$\sf\pink{Rule\: 5:-}$

There are a few adjectives that are accompanied by ‘to’, like, senior, junior, superior, inferior, preferable,  prefer, elder. Do not use ‘than’

$\sf\purple{Rule\: 6:-}$ 

When comparing two things, similarity should be there, i.e. similar things should be compared.

Examples of degree of comparison:

• Incorrect – This wall colour is more beautiful than the old one. (wall colour is compared with the wall)
• Correct  – This wall colour is more beautiful than that of the old one. (compare wall colour with wall colour)

$\sf\blue{Rule\: 7:-}$ 

When the comparative degree is used in the superlative degree sense

• Use ‘any other’ when thing/person of the same group is compared. 

Degree of comparison example:

• Incorrect: Reena is smarter than any student of her class.
• Correct: Reena is smarter than any other student of her class.

• Use ‘any’ if comparison of things/person is outside the group.

• Incorrect: Delhi is cleaner than any other city in Bangladesh.
• Correct: Delhi is cleaner than any city in Bangladesh. 

$\sf\green{Rule\: 8:-}$ 

When in the same sentence two adjectives in different degrees of comparison are used, both should be complete in themselves.

• Incorrect- She is as good if not worse than her sister.
• Correct – She is as good as if not worse than her sister.

$\sf\red{Rule\: 9:-}$ 

To show whether the difference between the compared thing/person is small or big, we use quantifiers for the comparative degree of an adjective such as (A bit, a little, a lot, far, much, a great deal, significantly, etc).

Example:

• My hostel is only marginally bigger than yours.

• She is a little more popular than her sister in their school.

• Australia is slightly smaller than Africa.

We don’t use quantifiers with superlative degrees of adjectives but there are certain phrases commonly used with the superlative degrees of comparison.

Degree of Comparison Example: 

• In metropolitan cities, metros are by far the cheapest mode of transportation.

• Sanskrit is one of the oldest languages in the world. 

• Siddhivinayak is the second richest temple in India. 

$\sf\orange{Rule\:10:-}$

While changing the degree of comparison for the irregular adjectives, the word completely changes instead of adding ‘er’ or ‘est’.

Examples:

• She has little milk in the jar.

• She has less milk than he has.

• She has the least amount of milk.

Answer 2

Question= Explain an adjective and its different kinds wit examples.⬇️

Answer=⬇️

An adjective is a word used to add something to the meaning of a noun or pronoun.

Read these sentences.

1. The rose is a beautiful flower.

2. Saurabh is a rich man.

3. Rani is clever.

4. Monkeys have long tails.

The words beautiful, rich, clever and long in the above sentences at to the meaning of the nouns flower, man, Rani and tails respectively. so they are adjective.

Kinds of adjectives:-

Adjectives can be classified into eight kinds:

1. Adjective of quality

2. Adjective of quantity

3. Adjective of number

4. Demonstrative adjective

5. Distributive adjective

6. Interrogative adjective

7. Possessive adjective

8. Proper adjective

Adjective of quality:-

Adjective that Express the kind or quality of a person or a thing are called adjective of Quality. since they describe a person or they think it they are called descriptive adjective.

Read this sentences:-

1. Bhopal is a large city.

2. I like ripe mangoes.

Adjective of quality answer the question- of what kind?

Two ways to using adjective of quality

adjective of quality may be used in two different ways:-

1. Attributively

a. He lives in a small house.

b. I like ripe mangoes.

The adjective (Small, ripe) have been used prior to the words (house, Mongoose) whitch De qualify. They are, said to be used Attributively.

2. Predicatively

Read these sentences.

a. His house is small.

b. Those mongoes are ripe.

2. Adjective of quantity

adjective that tell us how much of a thing is intended are called "Adjective of quantity".

Read these sentences.

a. These is little milk in the kettle.

b. He ate all the pudding.

Adjective of quantity answer the question- How much?

Adjective of number or numeral adjectives

Adjective that tell us how many people or things are made in what order a person or thing is stands are called adjectives of number.

Read these sentences.

a. He is eighty years of age.

b. I have many friends.

adjectives on number answer the question- how many? or in what ways or order?

4. Demonstrative adjectives

Demonstrative adjectives point out which persons, thing or places are meant

Read these sentences.

a. This trunk is very heavy.

b. Those boys are my friends.

Demonstrative adjective answer the question- which?

5. Distributive adjectives

Distributive adjective show that persons or things are taken one at a time.

Read these sentences.

a. Each pen coasts ten rupees.

b. He gave me two rackets. Neither of the rackets was goods.

6. Interrogative adjectives

Words like what, which and whose when used with nouns to ask questions are called interrogative adjective.

Read these sentences.

a. Which fruit do you like most?

b. What time is it?

c. Whose bag did the thief steal?

the words what, which and whose are classed as Interrogative Adjectives when they are used with noun to ask questions.

Note: What is used in a General sense and which is used in a selective sense.

7. Possessive Adjectives

Possessive Adjectives show possesion or ownership.

Read these sentences.

a. My car needs repairs

b. The plant is losing its flowers.

Possessive adjective answer the question- Whose?

8. Proper Adjectives

Proper adjective are proper nouns used as adjective forms.

Read these sentences.

a. He is an Indian. (Proper Noun)

b. He is an Indian soilder.