Question

how are alveoli designed to maximise the exchange of gases?​

Answer 1

Alveoli provide a surface for the exchange of gases.

An extensive network of blood vessels is present in the wall of the alveoli. By lifting our ribs and flatten the diaphragm, the chest cavity becomes spacious. Air is sucked into the lungs and alveoli. The oxygen from the breath, diffuses into the blood and CO2 from the blood brought from the body, diffuses out into the air.

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Answer 2

the alveoli increases its size at the time of gas exchange

alveoli have blood capillary on its wall