how are dams responsible for social movements
Answers
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•A dam is designed within engineering parameters. These include factors of safety for the earthworks or concrete arch which their construction effectiveness relies on.
•There are very careful calculations done during the design, to allow for all sorts of eventualities in the catchment area (the places where the upstream water is collected from), also the historical flood events, the 25 year flood, the 50 year flood, the 100 year flood etc.
•If the reservoir above the dam is susceptible to rockfall, engineers even alow for the effects of waves overtopping the dam.
•Even after all those calcs, the Engineer designer leaves a safety height below the dam crest as an additional amount of protection to avoid the dam failing by overtopping.
•Big dams are equipped also with spillways to help manage such an event. They are built to withstand the most likely earthquake too and a whopping safety factor on top of that.
•Even after all this, accidents and mistakes are possible, but highly unlikely.
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