How are elections held in India? Enlist the minimum conditions for an election in a democratic country. Explain taking examples from India.
Answers
Explanation:
India is a federation with a parliamentary system governed under the Constitution of India, which defines the power distribution among the central government and the states.
The President of India is the ceremonial head of the country and supreme commander-in-chief for all defence forces in India. [1]
However, it is the Prime Minister of India, who is the leader of the party or political alliance having a majority in the country wide elections to the Lok Sabha that exercises most executive powers for matters that require country wide powers under a federal system.
India is regionally divided into States and each State has a Chief Minister who is the leader of the party or political alliance having won majority in the regional elections otherwise known as State Assembly Elections that exercises executive powers in that State. The respective State's Chief Minister has executive powers within the State and works jointly with the Prime Minister of India or his ministers on matters that require both State and Central attention.
The President of India, monitors the rule of law through his appointed governors in each State and on their recommendation can take over the executive powers from the Chief Minister of the State, temporarily when the elected representatives of the State government has failed to create a peaceful environment and has deteriorated into chaos. The President of India dissolves the existing State government if necessary, and a new election is conducted.
The election Procedure
Explanation:
1.Preparation of voter's list
In a democratic election, the list of those who are eligible to vote is prepared much before the election and given to everyone.this list is officially called the Electoral Roll and is commonly known as the Voter's list.
2. Nomination of candidates
The only difference is that in order to be a candidate the minimum age is 25 while it is only 18 years for being a voter.
Every person who wishes to contest an election has to fill a 'nomination form' and give some money as 'security deposit'
3. Election Campaign
It is necessary to have a free and fare and open discussion about who is a better representative ,which party will make a better govt. or what is a good policy. This is what happens during the election campaign.
4. Polling and counting of votes
The final stage of an election is the day when the voter's cast or "poll" their vote. Every person whose name is on the voters list can go to a nearby "polling booth" situated usually in a local school or a govt. office.