Question

How are latitudes measured?​

Answer 1

The first instruments used at sea to measure latitude were the quadrant and the astrolabe, both of which had been used for years by astronomers to measure the inclination of stars. But knowing your latitude wasn't enough. To determine your exact location you also need to measure your line of longitude.

Answer 2

Latitude is measured in degrees, minutes, seconds or decimal degrees, north or south of the equator. The precise measurement of latitude requires an understanding of the gravitational field of the earth, either to set up theodolites or to determine GPS satellite orbits.

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