Question

how are new species originated in nature ?

Answer 1

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species. ... Charles Darwin was the first to describe the role of natural selection in speciation in his 1859 book The Origin ofSpecies. He also identified sexual selection as a likely mechanism, but found it problematic.

Answer 2

Discussion of most topics within Evolutionary Biology begins with Darwin. Indeed, On The Origin of Species (1859) continues to influence much of modern Evolutionary Biology. Darwin viewed evolution by natural selection as a very gradual mechanism of change within populations, and postulated that new species could be the product of this very same process, but over even longer periods of time. This eventual process of speciation by natural selection is illustrated by a sketch drawn by Darwin in his personal notebook nearly 20 years before the Origin of Species was published (Figure 1). Here, he proposed a model whereby lineages form from their ancestors by evolving different characters over relatively long periods of time. Darwin indicated that species could form by the evolution of one species splitting into two, or via a population diverging from its extant ancestor to the point it was a new species. Darwin's insights into evolution were brilliant, especially in light of their being made in the absence of genetics. Indeed, ideas about heredity and the introduction of new genetic material via mutation were to come long after Darwin's founding theories of evolution.Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species. ... Charles Darwin was the first to describe the role of natural selection in speciation in his 1859 book The Origin ofSpecies. He also identified sexual selection as a likely mechanism, but found it problematic.

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