How are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in human beings? How are lungs design to maximise the area for exchange of gases?
Answers
Explanation:
The two main gases exchanged are oxygen and carbon-dioxide. Oxygen is absorbed by the blood capillaries from the lungs alveoli by diffusion while carbon-dioxide is absorbed by the lungs alveoli from blood capillaries by diffusion.
1) ♥ Transport of oxygen - Haemoglobin present in the blood takes up the oxygen from the air in the lungs . It carries the oxygen to tissues which are deficient in oxygen before releasing it .
♥ Transport of carbon dioxide - Carbon
dioxide is more soluble in water .
Therefore , it is mostly transported from
body tissues in the dissolved form in our
blood plasma to lungs . It diffuses from
blood to air in the lungs .
2) Within the lungs , the air passage
divides into smaller and smaller tubes
called bronchi which in turn form
bronchioles . The bronchioles terminate
in balloon-like structures called alveoli .
The alveoli present in the lungs provide
maximum surface for exchange of gases .
The alveoli have vary thin walls and
contain an extensive network of blood
vessels to facilitate exchange of gases .