Question

How are oxygen and carbon dioxide transported in human beings? How
are lungs designed to maximise the area of exchange of gases?

Answer 1

Answer:

the oxygen and carbon dioxide are transported by blood in human beings

when we inhale the air the area of our lunga bcoz of the intake of oxygen and when we exhale it reduces bcoz of the exhaust of carbon dioxide from body

hope it helps you.

Answer 2

Exchange of gases in tissues occurs through diffusion. Oxygen is carried as oxyhaemoglobin from lungs to tissues. It dissociates and carbon dioxide diffuses out into blood from tissues. It is transported in dissolved form and reaches lungs where again it diffuses to alveoli. Lungs have a tree like branching pattern of bronchi and bronchioles. The terminal part of bronchiole ends into sac like structures called alveoli which are present in groups. Alveoli have curved wall to increase surface area for exchange of gases. The wall of alveoli is extremely thin and is lined by blood capillaries.