Question

How are pearls obtained?

Answer 1

Natural Pearls form when an irritant - usually a parasite and not the proverbial grain of sand - works its way into an oyster, mussel, or clam. As a defense mechanism, a fluid is used to coat the irritant. Layer upon layer of this coating, called 'nacre', is deposited until a lustrous pearl is formed.

Answer 2

Pearls can be obtained by three methods – natural, cultured and imitation

Explanation:

• Natural pearls are obtained through the natural biotic process where an irritant enters the body of the molluscs, like oyster through the opening in between their shells.

• The oyster in turn employs a defensive mechanism to act against the irritant and releases a mineral fluid.

• This fluid forms a protective layer called ‘nacre’ on the irritant. Upon repeated deposition of nacre, the lustrous pearl is created.

• Cultured pearls are formed by surgical or artificial implantation of the irritant, called mother of pearl, in the form of a bead or a shell piece.  

• This triggers the mussel to secrete nacre which on accumulation forms the beautiful pearl.

• Pearl farmers employ this method to obtain gem-quality pearls .

• Imitation pearls are made by dipping of glass beads in a solution consisting of fish scales to form a shiny coating.