Question

How are the centre-state relations able to strengthen federalism?

Answer 1

The center-state relations was given special attention. The Constitution has three list - Union List, State List and Concurrent list - which clearly define the power sharing between the center and the state governments. It helps in federalism. Initially, the central government dominated the state governments but after 1990, the whole situation changed as the era of coalition government started because no major national party was able to get majority to form government on its own. To form a coalition government, the major national parties needed the support of the regional parties. Due to this a new culture of power sharing has started in India and state governments started enjoying autonomy. Supreme Court gave many judgments to make it difficult for the central government to dismiss state governments at its own wish. This has strengthen the federalism in India.

Answer 2

Challenges before 1990 :

(i) Political scene was dominated by one party both at  the Centre and in the States.

(ii) As and when the ruling party at the state level was  different the parties that ruled at the Centre tried  to undermine the power of the States.

(iii) The Central Government would often misuse the  constitution to dismiss the State Government those  were controlled by rival parties.

After 1990 :

(i) Now the Centre and majority of State Governments  belong to different political parties in coalition.

(ii) A number of regional parties have become  powerful and play a crucial role at the Centre and  States.

(iii) The era of “coalition” government at the Centre  has inculcated respect for federal autonomy.