how are the linear and scattered settlement shown explain why means of a drawing in your notebook
Answers
Answer:
In geography, a linear settlement is a (normally small to medium-sized) settlement or group of buildings that is formed in a long line.[1] Many follow a transport route, such as a road, river, or canal though some form due to physical restrictions, such as coastlines, mountains, hills or valleys. Linear settlements may have no obvious centre, such as a road junction.[2] Linear settlements have a long and narrow shape.
In the case of settlements built along a route, the route predated the settlement, and then the settlement grew up at some way station or feature, growing along the transport route. Often, it is only a single street with houses on either side of the road. Mileham, Norfolk, England is a good example of this. Later development may add side turnings and districts away from the original main street. Places such as Southport, England developed in this way.
A linear settlement is in contrast with ribbon development, which is the outward spread of an existing town along a main street.
Explanation:
a) Nucleated/Clustered Settlement Pattern
nucleated.jpg
- Buildings are close to each other
Factors
Availability of social amenities such as schools and health care
Shortage of building land
Favourable climate leading to high agricultural potential e.g. Kenya highlands.
Fertile soils.
Presence of natural resources e.g. minerals in Magadi, Mwadui, Kimberly.
Security concern especially in banditry prone areas
b) Linear Settlement
nucleated.jpg
- Buildings are arranged in a line
Presence of a transport line e.g. road or railway.
Presence of a river or a spring to provide water for domestic or commercial use
Presence of a coast line which has a favourable fishing ground e.g. shore of E. African coast.
Suitable terrain for cultivation of crops such as at the foot of a scarp
c) Dispersed/Scattered Settlement
- Buildings are scattered
Plenty of land to build whenever they want
Avoidance of harsh climate e.g. arid and semi-arid areas.
Poor infertile soils.
Pests and diseases.
Physical features such as ridges, valleys which separate houses.
) Radial Pattern
nucleated.jpg
Buildings are arranged like a star
-Common at cross roads where housing units point in all directions.
Enlargement and Reduction of Maps
Steps
Identify the area requiring to be enlarged
Measure its length and width
Multiply (E) or divide (R) the by the number of times given. The scale also changes
e.g.1:50000/2(enlarged)×2(reduced)
Draw the new frame with new dimensions
Insert the grid squares e.g. 2×2cm, 2/2, etc.
Draw diagonals on the frame
Transfer features exactly where they were
Drawing a Cross Section/Profile
-Line drawn on a piece of paper showing the nature of relief of a particular area.
Steps
Identify the given points and name them A and B
Joint point A and B using a pencil
Take a piece of paper and fold it into two parts
Place the papers edge along the line joining A and B
Mark all contours and their heights
Mark features along A-B e.g. R- river, H- hill, M- mountain
Determine the highest and lowest contour height to determine the appropriate vertical scale
Draw horizontal axis and mark it A-B
Draw vertical axis from A to B
Place the edge of folded paper along horizontal axis
Use values along vertical axis to plot contour heights. Remember to show features marked along A-B
Join plotted points using smooth curve (cross
Section)
Include title on top vertical and horizontal map scale.
Calculation and Interpretation of Vertical Exaggeration and Gradient
Vertical Exaggeration
Number of times that the vertical scale is larger than horizontal scale
V.E. =Denominator of H.S. /D. of V.S. (cross section scale.
e.g. V.S. =1:20M
H.S=1:50000
V.E.=50000/20×100 (To convert into cm) =25
Interpretation
The vertical height has been exaggerated 25 times compared to the horizontal distance
Intervisibility
Ability of one place to be seen from another
Steps
Draw cross section
Join points A-B using visibility line
If the visibility line is above the cross section, the two points are intervisible. If below they are not
intervisible.
Gradient
Degree of steepness of a slope between two given points STEPS
Identify the two points
Calculate difference in height between the two points(Vertical Interval) e.g. 500m
Joint them with a light line
Measure ground distance between the two points(Horizontal Equivalent)e.g.12 cm G=V.I./H.E.
=500×100/12×50000=50000/600000=1/12=1:12
Interpretation
For every 12 m travelled on the Ground, there is a vertical rise of 1m
Answer:
wrong it is given in page number 22