how ATP is utilized to get energy. Explain in detail.
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More upstream why the carbon atom is the main constituant of organic molecules (as silicium could have similar properties) ? why oxygen rather than fluor for oxydative reactions ... and so on ...
And these first "choice" of atoms by nature could have influenced the following, in particular molecules used in living organisms.
Independently of energy, a lot of enzymes in biological reaction graft phosphate groups to other molecules; and in DNA synthesis, ATP is at the same time a source of adenine and also source of energy and phosphosphate groups.
Tyrosine kinases implicated in cellular division phosphorylate some membrane proteins, by way of transfert from ATP.
So independently of energy, this molecule is used as a substrate to provide phosphate, the phosporylated form of enzymes being active, and also allowing changing protein conformation.
All the precedent data render wider the use of ATP in cellular processes, in parallel with energy source.
But ithe source could be GTP in this case (there is some G-proteins implicated in cellular process).
Thermodynamicians could indicate us if using ATP for phosphorilation ie is less consumning energy than GTP ? (or differently said : balance between necessary energy before and possible recuparation of energy after is positive in the case of ATP). Perhaps have we also to eveluate the availability of adenine in nature (from alimentation), compared to guanine, cytosine for GTP and CTP.
If theres is a reason for ATP "choice" , to my mind, its more upstream that we have to search , if we could be able to find it.
Finally, in other "earths" in universe, perhaps exist living organsims like us, but built with silicium (Hoaw ! transparent ?) and breathing an atmosphere composed of fluor (bad for us) :-)
And these first "choice" of atoms by nature could have influenced the following, in particular molecules used in living organisms.
Independently of energy, a lot of enzymes in biological reaction graft phosphate groups to other molecules; and in DNA synthesis, ATP is at the same time a source of adenine and also source of energy and phosphosphate groups.
Tyrosine kinases implicated in cellular division phosphorylate some membrane proteins, by way of transfert from ATP.
So independently of energy, this molecule is used as a substrate to provide phosphate, the phosporylated form of enzymes being active, and also allowing changing protein conformation.
All the precedent data render wider the use of ATP in cellular processes, in parallel with energy source.
But ithe source could be GTP in this case (there is some G-proteins implicated in cellular process).
Thermodynamicians could indicate us if using ATP for phosphorilation ie is less consumning energy than GTP ? (or differently said : balance between necessary energy before and possible recuparation of energy after is positive in the case of ATP). Perhaps have we also to eveluate the availability of adenine in nature (from alimentation), compared to guanine, cytosine for GTP and CTP.
If theres is a reason for ATP "choice" , to my mind, its more upstream that we have to search , if we could be able to find it.
Finally, in other "earths" in universe, perhaps exist living organsims like us, but built with silicium (Hoaw ! transparent ?) and breathing an atmosphere composed of fluor (bad for us) :-)
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