How Bengal Renaissance influence the common people of Bengal ?
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Bengal Renaissance refers largely to the social, cultural, psychological, and intellectual changes in Bengal during the nineteenth century, as a result of contact between certain sympathetic British officials and missionaries on the one hand, and the Hindu intelligentsia on the other. The setting for the Bengal Renaissance was the colonial metropolis of Calcutta.
Before 1830, earlier than any other Asian city, Calcutta already had a school system using European methods of instruction and textbooks. On their own initiative, the urban elite had founded Hindu College, the only European-style institution of higher learning in Asia.
Newspapers, periodicals, and books were being published regularly in English and f Babga. The city had a public library in European style. Calcutta also boasted a native intelligentsia conversant with events in Europe, aware of its own historical heritage, and progressively alert about its own future in the modern world.
The representatives of the British in India who were mainly responsible for these positive aspects of modernization were a group of "acculturated" civil, military, and judicial officials (and some missionaries) historiographically identified as Orientalists. They were neither nationalists nor imperialists in the late nineteenth-century Victorian sense. On the contrary, they were products of the eighteenth-century world of rationalism, classicism, and Enlightenment. Unlike later Europeans serving in British India, they mastered at least one Indian language and used it as a vehicle for scholarly research. Many Orientalists-notably William Jones, HT Colebrooke, William Carey. HH Wilson, and James Prinsep- made significant contributions to the fields of Indian philology, archeology, and history. Moreover, these Orientalists did not ensconce themselves in clubs or build a Chinese wall of racial privilege to keep the" inferior races" they ruled at a distance. On the contrary, the Orientalists formed enduring relations with members of the Bengali intelligentsia to whom they served as sources for knowledge of the West and with whom they worked to promote social and cultural change.
It was the Orientalist training centre for British civil servants in India known as the College of Fort William, established in Calcutta by Governor General Wellesley in 1800, which seemed to offer the most perfect institutional setting for studying the results of British Indian contact and accommodation. The College was the first European-created institution of higher learning in India to welcome Indians as faculty members and to encourage cultural exchange between Europeans and South Asians. By enlisting the support of qualified Orientalist scholars to improve its education program, this College also transformed the famed Asiatic Society, Calcutta and William Carey's Xerampore Mission into highly effective agencies for the revitalisation of Indian culture.
Between 1800 and 1830, in Calcutta, as a
If the Bengal Renaissance produced one outstanding progenitor who imbibed the Orientalist contribution as effectively as he did linguistic and literary modernization and the effective defense of Hindu theism against the double-edged challenge of Christianity and secularism, it would be rammohun roy (d. 1833).
Secularism, the fourth aspect of the Bengal Renaissance, was the least influcenced by British Orientalism, and its appeal to that segment of the intelligentsia who sought the true Hinduism in remote ages of gold. The so-called `Young Bengal Movement' made up of a coterie of students at Hindu College, rejected the idea of seeking answers to India's decadence in the historic dimension instead of advocating cultural change by looking to the future. Originally nurtured by Henry Derozio, a teacher at the College in English literature during his brief but influential tenure between 1828 and 1831, Young Bengal imbibed the secular progressive spirit of the contemporary West, which they interpreted as entirely future-oriented.
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Answer:
- The Bengali Renaissance or simply Bengal Renaissance, (Bengali: বাংলার নবজাগরণ; Banglār Nobojāgoroṇ) was a cultural, social, intellectual and artistic movement in Bengal region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent during the period of the British Indian Empire, from the nineteenth century to the early twentieth century dominated by Bengalis.[1]
- The Bengali Renaissance or simply Bengal Renaissance, (Bengali: বাংলার নবজাগরণ; Banglār Nobojāgoroṇ) was a cultural, social, intellectual and artistic movement in Bengal region in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent during the period of the British Indian Empire, from the nineteenth century to the early twentieth century dominated by Bengalis.[1]Historian Nitish Sengupta describes the Bengal Renaissance as taking place from Raja Ram Mohan Roy (1772–1833) through Rabindranath Tagore (1861–1941).[2] According to historian Sumit Sarkar, nineteenth-century Bengali religious and social reformers, scholars, literary giants, journalists, patriotic orators and scientists were revered and regarded with nostalgia in the early and mid-twentieth century. In the early 1970s, however, a more critical view emerged[3]. "Few serious scholars could deny that nineteenth-century Bengal had fallen considerably short of the alleged Italian prototype", wrote Sarkar. Although in 1990 the "average educated Bengali" still admired the Bengali Renaissance, "most intellectuals who would like to consider themselves radical and sophisticated", no longer glorified the period.
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