how can 2 charges be exerting equal force on each other if there magnitude are different
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Like charges repel each other while unlike charges attract each other. If the charges are at rest then the force between them is known as the electrostatic force. The electrostatic force between charges increases when the magnitude of the charges increases or the distance between the charges decreases.
The electrostatic force was first studied in detail by Charles-Augustin de Coulomb around 1784. Through his observations he was able to show that the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point-like charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges. He also discovered that the magnitude of the force is proportional to the product of the charges. That is:F∝Q1Q2r2,where Q1 and Q2 are the magnitudes of the two charges respectively and r is the distance between them. The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point-like charges is given by Coulomb's law.
Definition 1: Coulomb's law
Coulomb's law states that the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.F=kQ1Q2r2,
The proportionality constant k is called the electrostatic constant and has the value:
9,0×109 N·m2·C−2 in free space.
Similarity of Coulomb's law to Newton's universal law of gravitation.
Notice how similar in form Coulomb's law is to Newton's universal law of gravitation between two point-like particles:FG=Gm1m2d2,
where m1 and m2 are the masses of the two point-like particles, d is the distance between them, and G is the gravitational constant. Both are inverse-square laws.
Both laws represent the force exerted by particles (point masses or point charges) on each other that interact by means of a field.
The electrostatic force was first studied in detail by Charles-Augustin de Coulomb around 1784. Through his observations he was able to show that the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point-like charges is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between the charges. He also discovered that the magnitude of the force is proportional to the product of the charges. That is:F∝Q1Q2r2,where Q1 and Q2 are the magnitudes of the two charges respectively and r is the distance between them. The magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point-like charges is given by Coulomb's law.
Definition 1: Coulomb's law
Coulomb's law states that the magnitude of the electrostatic force between two point charges is directly proportional to the product of the magnitudes of the charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.F=kQ1Q2r2,
The proportionality constant k is called the electrostatic constant and has the value:
9,0×109 N·m2·C−2 in free space.
Similarity of Coulomb's law to Newton's universal law of gravitation.
Notice how similar in form Coulomb's law is to Newton's universal law of gravitation between two point-like particles:FG=Gm1m2d2,
where m1 and m2 are the masses of the two point-like particles, d is the distance between them, and G is the gravitational constant. Both are inverse-square laws.
Both laws represent the force exerted by particles (point masses or point charges) on each other that interact by means of a field.
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