How can I measure the security of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD)?
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The security of QKD is based on the quantum mechanics related theorem, including uncertainty relations and no-cloning theorem. If there is a third person wants to eavesdrop the information, the action would change the quantum state which could be detected by the legal users.
The security of QKD protocols has been proven, for example in publication "Simple Proof of Security of the BB84 Quantum Key Distribution Protocol" PRL 85,441(2000).
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