Question

how can the cell size affect the removal process

Answer 1

This has to do with the surface area to volume ratio of the cell. As a cell grows in size, its volume increases more than its surface area. Surface area determines the rate at which heat, waste, metabolic products, etc. enter and exit the cell. Volume determines the rate at which these substances can be transported through the cell. So as a cell grows larger, it cannot transport materials quickly enough throughout the cell to support the rate at which substances are entering and exiting the cell. This disrupts the main functions of the cell, so it will die if it grows too large. This is why when cells grow large enough, they divide by mitosis - their size is then reduced so the daughter cells can be efficient.

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