how can u explain the formation of NaCl according to Kossel concept?
Answers
Formation of NaCl molecule from sodium and chlorine atoms can be considered to take place according to Kossel's theory by an electron transfer as:
(i) Na ( [Ne] 3s1) -- loss of e --- > Na+ + e ( [Ne])
where [Ne] = electronic configuration of Neon
(ii) Cl + e ([Ne]3s2 3p5 ) - gain of e -- > Cl-1([Ar])
[Ar] = electronic configuration of Argon
(iii) Na++Cl- -- electrostatic attraction -- > NaCl(or)Na+ Cl-
NaCl is an electrovalent or ionic compound made up of sodium ions and chloride ions. The bonding in NaCl is termed as electrovalent or ionic bonding. Sodium atom loses an electron to attain Neon configuration and also attains a positive charge. Chlorine atom receives the electron to attain the Argon configuration and also becomes a negatively charged ion. The coulombic or electrostatic attraction between Na+ and Cl- ions result in NaCl formation.
Formation of NaCl:
1. Sodium has atomic number 11, shows the electronic configuration 2,8,1 to become complete by it's octet state, Sodium looses it's 1 electron and forms the sodium ion Na+ (2,8).
Sodium (Na) (2,8,1) -------------> Sodium ion (Na+) (2,8)
2. Chlorine has atomic number 17, shows electronic configuration 2,8,7. To become complete by it's octet state, it accepts 1 electron shared by Sodium and forms the Chlorine ion Cl- (2,8,8)
Chlorine (Cl) (2,8,7) --------------> Chloride ion (Cl-) (2,8,8)
3. Due to the opposite charges, there is a attraction between this two ions and one new chemical bond is formed.
Na₊ + Cl₋ -------------> NaCl
About Sodium Chloride:
Sodium Chloride is a common salt which is generally referred as "common salt" also. Sodium Chloride is colorless and crystalline ionic compound. By the further reactions on Sodium Chloride, Various salts like Na2Co3 and NaHCO3 are produced.
i) NaCl is generally salty in taste.
ii) It is Colourless , Neutral salt.
iii) There is no water of crystallization in it's crystalline structure.
iv) When the NaCl is heated at 800 degree Celsius, then it melts. This state of salt is called as "Fused state of salt".