Question

how can you apply integration along with transdisciplinary approaches?​

Answer 1

Answer:

As the inter-linkages between our society and its environment become more apparent, so the notion of integration (across multiple social perspectives and fields of knowledge) becomes more important. So we have a growing family of integrated research and management (R&D) initiatives (integrated watershed management – IWM; integrated coastal management – ICM; etc.). Similarly we seek to back these up in our science institutions by moving beyond our more traditional disciplinary and multidisciplinary approaches, and exploring interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary approaches. The links on this page point first to the emerging resources that are documenting the lessons from integration research in practice, and the second to the growing body of theory that points to the need for these new science approaches (sustainability science, post-normal science, Mode II science, etc.).

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