Question

how can you say that india has federal polity​

Answer 1

India is a federal state . It is because of classification of powers . The Government are classified into two :

1) Central Government and
2) Regional or State Government

The list of powers enjoyed by both are also different.
The union list is enjoyed by Central Government

The state list is enjoyed by State Government

While the concurrent list is enjoyed by both .

Thus India has a federal political system.


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Answer 2

Article 1 of the Constitution describes India as a “Union of States.” ... India is not a true federation. It combines the features of a federal government and the features of a unitary government which can also be called the non-federal features. Because of this, India is regarded as a semi-federal state. .