How cyclones are formed?
Answers
The word, cyclone, means: a twist, in Greek. In meteorology, it is used for any low pressure center. The opposite, a high pressure, is then called: an anticyclone.
Cyclone is also the name we give to the hurricane force low pressures in the Indian Ocean. In the Pacific, we call them, typhoon.
If your question is: how are hurricanes, typhoons and tropical cyclones formed, the answer is simply this: as warm air rises, then cools down by the adiabatic effect of a lesser pressure aloft, it causes low pressures anywhere on earth.
But, between the tropics, that rising air can rise higher because the tropopause, the top of our troposphere, is nearly twice as high over the equator than over the poles. Since the adiabatic lapse rate is pretty much the same everywhere (0.65 C per 100 meters or about 3 F per 1,000 ft) it gets much, much colder at the top of the tropical tropopause than the polar one.
Imagine then: very hot and moist under and very cold at the top. A perfect chimney, isn’t it?
In the north Atlantic, when the sea temperature reaches above 27 C west of the Cape Verde islands, is when the hurricane season start. I suppose it is the same in the Indian Ocean and its cyclone season.
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